Juan Canle Lourido (a.k.a. John Canlo)

Born: Born 1894, Fontán, A Coruña, Spain
Nationality: Spanish
Ethnicity: Galician
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: IWW; anarchist

A former member of the IWW’s Marine Oilers, Firemen and Watertenders Union and an active participant in the Spanish anarchist group El Ariete in Niagara Falls, New York. In May 1919 he was arrested with two other members for allegedly conspiring to overthrow the United States government, based on a revolutionary manifesto they were distributing, but the case was dismissed by a judge. He was deported as an anarchist on August 8, 1920.

Reentered the United States on October 4, 1943 via Canada; attempted to gain US citizenship in 1949. June 1955 he returned to Spain, where he died in May 1970.

Sources: INS file 54709/16; FBI files OG 389193 and OG 8000-357909; familysearch.org; La Voz de Galicia, May 23, 1970 (with thanks to Eliseo Fernández Fernández).

Arthur Stanley Cattell (a.k.a. Arthur Kotel/Ketel)

Born: Born 1886, London, England
Nationality: British
Ethnicity: English
Occupation: Plumber
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A former member of the Socialist Party of America who later served as a member and treasurer of the West Philadelphia branch of the Communist Party of America. He was deported from the United States on September 30, 1920.

Sources: INS file 54811/490; FBI file OG 380747.

Michele Centrone

Born: Born 1879, Puglia, Italy
Nationality: Italian
Ethnicity: 
Occupation: Carpenter
Migration: Immigrated to US 1903
Affiliation: Anarchist

Joined the Socialist Party of Italy in 1897 and gravitated toward anarchism by 1900. After migrating to the United States, he collaborated on anarchist publications in San Francisco, where he belonged to the anarchist Gruppo Volontá, distributed Cronaca Sovversiva, and served as secretary of the Latin Branch of Local 95 of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners (AFL). Arrested in 1918, he was deported on March 27, 1920.

Following Mussolini’s rise to power, Centrone unsuccessfully attempted to reenter the United States under a false name in 1922 and was again deported. In 1924 fled Italy to France; arrested and expelled from France 1928. Then lived in Switzerland, Germany, Belgium, and Luxembourg, and illegally returned to France 1931. Remained active in antifascist exile networks, including the organization Giustizia e Libertà, and as a correspondent for US anarchist publications. In 1936 he volunteered to fight in the Spanish Civil War with the anarchist Ascaso Column and was killed in action on August 28, 1936.

Sources: INS file 54379/330; FBI file OG 321621; CPC busta 1243; Mario Gianfrate and Kenyon Zimmer, Michele Centrone, tra vecchio e nuovo mondo: Anarchici pugliesi in difesa della libertà spagnola.

Antonio Cesco (Chesco)

Born: Born 1882, Bellano, Italy
Nationality: Italian
Ethnicity: 
Occupation: Miner
Migration: Immigrated to US 1904
Affiliation: Anarchist

Not politically radical before emigrating but later became a Socialist Party member and then an individualist anarchist, distributing Cronaca Sovversiva while working as a coal miner in Pennsylvania and Ohio. He was a member of the United Mine Workers and was arrested in May 1918 in Yorkville, Ohio, while hospitalized with a mining injury. Deported on February 7, 1920.

arrested upon arrival in Italy but later amnestied. Subsequently emigrated to Germany and France, settling in Lyon, where he was known for his antifascist views but was not publicly politically active.

Sources: INS file 54379/401; CPC busta 1274.

Boris Cevetsky (or Sckiwitsky)

Born: Born 1885, Vilnius, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Lithuanisn
Occupation: Dishwasher
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined Detroit’s Russian Branch No. 3 of the Socialist Party of America in early 1919, which subsequently transferred into the Communist Party of America. He was arrested in January 1920, held at Fort Wayne, and deported to Russia on March 18, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54859/985.

Yakov Cewook (or Gewook/Tsiwuh)

Born: Born 1886, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: 
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

His wife and two children remained in Russia. Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Youngstown, Ohio, in 1918. He was deported to Soviet Russia aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/540.

Alexander Chernov (or Chernoff; a.k.a. Sasha; a.k.a. Vasily Vasilit; a.k.a. Lightner)

Born: Born 1896, Samara, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: 
Occupation: Machinist
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers; IWW

A member of both the Union of Russian Workers and the IWW, and lectured for the URW. Arrested in Waterbury, Connecticut, in March 1919, he was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment for violating the Espionage Act. After his release he continued radical propaganda activity and was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54616/117; FBI file OG 8000-363703; Lazar Lipotkin, The Russian Anarchist Movement in North America.

George Chernov (or Chernoff)

Born: Born 1893, Kherson, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Mechanic
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined Branch No. 2 of the Union of Russian Workers in Detroit in 1917 and worked at the Ford Motor Company. Arrested at his workplace in November 1919 and deported on January 22, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54709/285.

Ivan Chernyavsky (or John Cherniawsky)

Born: Born 1894, Vilnius, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Lithuanian
Occupation: Machinist
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

A member of the Union of Russian Workers in Jackson, Michigan, and was arrested in Detroit in October 1918, during which he attempted to destroy his URW membership card. He was deported on January 22, 1921.

He may have been the anarchist Chernyavsky later arrested in Petrograd in 1923.

Sources: INS file 54709/465; FBI file OG 375427; Senya Fleshin Papers, International Institute of Social History.