Tag Archives: Russian

Jankovich to Justkavich

Red Scare Deportees, , , , , ,

Jerto Jankovich

Born: 1896, Bosnia, Austria-Hungary (present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Nationality: Yugoslav
Ethnicity: South Slavic
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined the South Slavic Branch of the Socialist Party of America in Pittsburgh and transferred into the Communist Party of America in 1919. Arrested in March 1920 and deported to Yugoslavia via Italy on June 22, 1920, during which all of his luggage was lost.

Upon disembarkation in Naples, he was imprisoned for sixteen days due to misfiled paperwork from the Bureau of Immigration. He was then transported with bound hands to Trieste, and incarcerated in six different jails along the route. Writing from prison in Trieste on August 8, 1920, he stated: “The suffering was terrible. I am not able to write you everything about it. I do not think that human beings should be treated that way.”

Sources: INS file 54861/319; FBI file OG 387576.

John Janson (or Johnson; Jensen; a.k.a. Ernest Laukivirs)

Janson’s Socialist Party membership card, under the name Ernest Loukivirs. National Archives.

Born: 1886, Libau, Russia (present-day Latvia)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Latvian
Occupation: Sailor; wrestler; model; writer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1916
Affiliation: Socialist Party of America

Joined the Lettish Branch of the Socialist Party of America in Boston in March 1917, an affiliation that was not itself grounds for deportation. In 1918, he left Boston intending to return to Russia via the West Coast. Arrested in Denver for allegedly “advocating anarchy” and arrested again in Wyoming in June 1918. According to Immigration authorities, “The alien is highly educated, having written considerable fiction, and is therefore, holding the views that he does, a dangerous person to have in the country.” He expressed a desire to return to Latvia to fight for its independence. Janson was deported on the Buford on December 21, 1919.

He appears to be the “Boston deportee” described by Alexander Berkman who joined the Cheka soon after arriving in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54379/534; Alexander Berkman, The Bolshevik Myth (Diary 1920–1922).

George Jerevich

Born: Unknown
Nationality: Yugoslavian
Ethnicity: South Slavic
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Unknown

Deported as a radical to Yugoslavia on September 1, 1920. No additional information regarding his background or political activities has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Johan Johanson (a.k.a. John Johnson; born Jonas Back)

Johan Johanson, c. 1910s. National Archives.

Born: 1874, Finland
Nationality: Finnish
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1901
Affiliation: IWW

His wife and two children remained in Finland when he emigrated. He joined the Industrial Workers of the World around 1917. Twice confined to an insane asylum in Idaho, once in 1915 and again in 1918. In September 1919, arrested in Spokane under the state’s criminal syndicalism law and deported to on August 14, 1920.

In September 1920, he was reported to have left Finland for Soviet Russia, and in September 1921 he was rumored to be en route back to the United States.

Sources: INS file 54709/81; FBI file BS 186701-200.

Ragnar Johanson (or Johannson)

Ragnar Johanson, 1918. National Archives.

Born: 1887, Stockholm, Sweden
Nationality: Swedish
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Painter; union organizer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: IWW

Became involved in the Swedish labor movement at an early age, joining the syndicalist Young Socialist League around 1900 and later the Painters Union. In 1910, he participated in the founding congress of the Sveriges Arbetares Centralorganisation (SAC) and became one of its leading organizers and speakers.

After immigrating to the United States in 1912, he joined the IWW and became one of its most prominent Swedish organizers. Assisted Frank Little during the 1917 Butte copper strike, where Little was lynched, and received identical threats against his own life. Johanson was convicted in the federal IWW trial of 1917–18 and sentenced to ten years in prison and a $30,000 fine. His sentence was later commuted in exchange for deportation, and he was deported on January 1, 1923.

Upon returning to Sweden, he resumed work for the SAC as a national lecturer and organizer, managing its publishing house from 1929 to 1954. Briefly imprisoned in 1940 for condemning the Hitler–Stalin Pact and served as treasurer of the anarcho-syndicalist International Working Men’s Association from 1942 to 1954. He died in 1959.

Sources: INS file 54616/58; https://web.archive.org/web/20210513121324/https://www.sac.se/Om-SAC/Historik/Biografier/Johanson,-Ragnar-1887-1959.

David E. Johnson

Born: 1883, Sweden
Nationality: Swedish
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to Canada 1900; immigrated to US 1903
Affiliation: IWW

Migrated from Sweden to Canada in 1900 and entered the United States in 1903, subsequently moving back and forth between the two countries several times. He joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1916. In March 1918, he was arrested in St. Maries, Idaho, and deported on November 4, 1918.

Sources: INS file 54379/197.

Oscar Johnson (a.k.a. Arthur Ludwig Holden)

Oscar Johnson, 1916. Everett Public Library.

Born: 1893, Göteborg, Sweden
Nationality: Swedish
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: IWW

Joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1916. He survived the Everett Massacre later that year and was arrested in connection with the incident, though charges were dropped in 1917. He was arrested again in Seattle on January 17, 1918. Immigration officials described him as “quite intelligent,” and “a very undesirable acquisition to the population of the United States.” Deported on November 30, 1918.

Sources: INS file 54379/9.

Mihail Jolnerovitz (a.k.a. Dimtro Jolnerovich)

Born: c. 1896, Vilno Governorate, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Hotel housekeeper
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Anarchist

Active anarchist and a member of the Anarchist-Communist Groups of the United States and Canada. Distributed the underground anarchist newspaper Free Society. Arrested in Cleveland on February 23, 1920, and deported to Russia on March 18, 1921.

Sources: INS file 55009/26.

John Justkavich (a.k.a. Sam Ushkovich)

Born: Russia, year unknown
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of the Communist Party of America in Bayonne, New Jersey. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920 and deported to Russia on December 23, 1920.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G; The Morning Post (Camden, New Jersey), December 23, 1920.

Kabas-Tarasyuk to Karniski

Red Scare Deportees, , , , ,

Ivan Kabas-Tarasyuk (a.k.a. Vanaya Kabas-Tarasyuk; John Tarasuk; John Tarasyk; John T. Rasky; John Tarasky)

Ivan Kabas-Tarasyuk. Image from G. P. Maximoff, The Guillotine at Work.

Born: 1893 , Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in 1916. In December 1917, arrested in Akron, Ohio, for attempting to organize a strike among rubber workers but was released on bail. He later became secretary of the Baltimore branch of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested again in March 1919, he was deported on the Buford on December 21, 1919.

After returning to Russia, he became active in the anarchist Nabat Federation in Kharkov and was arrested and imprisoned in November 1920. Arrested again in October 1921 and sentenced to two years’ imprisonment for anarchist activities, during which he was transferred to the Ryazan labor camp, where he was shot during a prisoner riot and almost killed. He then escaped via the Black Sea, possibly reaching Crimea, but returned to Russia in 1922. In 1925, arrested for organizing an illegal anarchist group and sent into internal exile in Arkhangelsk. HExiled again in 1926 to Petropavlovsk for three years for corresponding with anarchists abroad, and in 1929 he was exiled to Tashkent for an additional three years. In 1974, historian Paul Avrich reported rumors that Kabas-Tarasyuk had returned to the United and lived in Chicago.

Sources: INS file 54235/157; G. P. Maximoff, The Guillotine at Work: Twenty Years of Terror in Russia (Data and Documents); Boris Yelensky, In sotsialn shturem: zikhroynes fun der rusisher revolutsie; http://lists.memo.ru/d14/f460.htm; https://ru.openlist.wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C-%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8E%D0%BA_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_(1893).

Luka Kachanov (or Katchanov; Kachanow; Katchanos)

Born: 1899, Gukovo, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1917
Affiliation: Socialist Party of America; Union of Russian Workers

Entered the United States in 1917 by jumping ship. He joined the Bristol, Connecticut branch of the Socialist Party of America and later became a member of the Union of Russian Workers in Hartford, Connecticut. Arrested in December 1919 and deported on the Buford on December 21.

Sources: INS file 54709/614.

Samuel Kadatsky (or Kodatsky)

Born: Russia, year unknown
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of the Communist Party of America. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920 and deported to Russia on December 23, 1920. No further biographical has been found.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G; Butte Daily Bulletin, December 29, 1920.

Paul Kalach

Born: Russia, year unknown
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of the Communist Party of America in Detroit. Deported to Russia on January 6, 1921. No additional biographical information has been identified.

Sources: FBI file OG 388114; INS file 54325/36G.

Josef Kalenezcicz (or Kalenczicz)

Born: Russia, year unknown
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Upholsterer
Migration:
Affiliation: Unknown

Deported as a radical to Russia on February 26, 1921. No further biographical information has been found.

Sources: INS file 55110/4.

Ivan Kalenov (a.k.a. John Kaleanoff; John Chaljin)

Born: 1897, Kubasovo, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in 1917. He served as a volunteer organizer for the URW and frequently acted as chairman of meetings and as a delegate to organizational conventions. Also a member of the Workers’ Defense League. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported on the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/231.

George Kaltejika

Born: 1890, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

His wife remained in Russia while he emigrated. A member of the Union of Russian Workers, he was arrested in Youngstown, Ohio, during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported on the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/199.

Stepan Kaminsky (a.k.a. Steve Kaminsky)

Kaminsky’s URW membership card. National Archives.

Born: 1896, Podolia, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Machinist
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers; IWW

In 1919, he joined the Elizabeth, New Jersey branch of the Union of Russian Workers, where he taught arithmetic classes and participated actively in organizational life. He also joined the Industrial Workers of the World in October 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported on the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/158.

Ivan Kamisoruk (a.k.a. John; Komisaruk)

Born: 1884, Obertyn, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to Canada 1913 or 1914; immigrated to US 1917
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

His wife and two children remained in Ukraine. In Detroit, he joined Ukrainian Branch No. 128 of the Communist Party of America. Deported to Russia on February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54859/781.

Samuel Kanovich (or Kanonovich; Kanowich)

Born: 1891, Vilna, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russia
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Became a member and secretary of the Perth Amboy, New Jersey branch of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested in New York in December 1919 and deported on the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/649.

John Kanter

Born: Austria-Hungary, year unknown
Nationality: Hungarian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Unknown

Deported to Hungary as a radical on May 8, 1920. No further information regarding his background or political activities has been found.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Gust Karniski

The circular Karniski was distributing when arrested. National Archives.

Born: 1886, Vilna, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Polish
Occupation:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1906
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

He married and had a child while living in Chicago. Joined the Socialist Party of America and was latertransferred into the Communist Party, though he denied this to immigration authorities. In April 1921, he was arrested by “two citizens” for distributing “anarchistic literature,” specifically May Day circulars published by the Communist Party of America. “Voluntarily departed” on May 4, 1923.

Sources: INS file 55009/73.

Katzes to Kircher

Red Scare Deportees, , , , , , ,

Arthur Katzes (or Katses; Kestes)

Arthur Katzes, 1919. Springfield News (OH)
December 28, 1919.

Born: 1897, Podolia, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Printer
Migration: Entered the United States without inspection in 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers; anarchist

Had been a student in Russia and was apprenticing as a pressman before working as a sailor to finance his passage to the United States in 1914. Around 1917, he joined the Union of Russian Workers and became a member of the editorial board of its newspaper, Khleb i Volia. He was arrested in New York in March 1919 and released on bail. While at liberty, he collaborated in producing the illegal Anarchist Soviet Bulletin. In September 1919, he was arrested again, together with Ethel Bernstein, for distributing copies of that publication. He was deported to Russia aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54616/115; Richard Polenberg, Fighting Faiths: The Abrams Case, the Supreme Court, and Free Speech.

Joe Kaunas (or Kavnas; a.k.a. Bogdonas; Boglonas)

Born: 1885, Russian Lithuania
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Lithuanian
Occupation: Coal miner; student
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Entered the US without inspection in 1913. Worked as a coal miner in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, and later attended Valparaiso University. He became a member of Valparaiso Branch No. 20 of the Communist Party of America. Arrested on January 14, 1920. Although he claimed Lithuanian citizenship, immigration authorities deported him to Russia on March 18, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54860/713.

Teleso Kavalianskas (or Kavalionskas, Kavalauskas; Talespor Kavalanchas; a.k.a. Stanley)

Born: 1881, Kovno, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Lithuanian
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Became secretary of Branch No. 43 of the Lithuanian Federation of the Communist Party of America in Detroit. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920. “Voluntarily departed” for Rissia via Canada on October 20, 1920.

Sources: INS file 54709/954; FBI file BS 202600-155-1.

Joseph Kennedy

Joseph Kennedy, 1919. National Archives.

Born: 1885, Belfast, Ireland
Nationality: British
Ethnicity: Irish
Occupation: Miner
Migration: Immigrated to US 1905
Affiliation: Industrial Workers of the World

Joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1917 and became secretary of Metal Mine Workers’ Industrial Union No. 800 in Butte, Montana. He worked closely with IWW organizer Frank Little before Little was lynched during the Butte copper strike in 1917. Kennedy was arrested multiple times for IWW activity and was also described by authorities as “active…in the cause of Irish independence.” Arrested again in February 1919 in the aftermath of a miners’ strike and deported on June 21, 1919.

After his return to Britain, Kennedy joined the Merseyside branch of the IWW in Liverpool and involved in underground activities on behalf of the Irish Republican Army, including as an accessory to a botched robbery. In 1924, he was reported to be planning an illegal return to the United States, and emigrated to Canada. Settled in Timmins, Ontario, where he became secretary of the local branch of the IWW’s Metal and Coal Mine Workers Industrial Union. In 1928, after a fire in the Hollinger Gold Mine killed thirty-nine people, Kennedy led a protest meeting of 600 miners “to demand action on the part of those responsible for the murder of our fellow workers.”

Sources: INS file 54616/74; Butte Daily Bulletin, June 13, 1919; Socialist Review (London), February 1, 1959; Ancestry.com; Windsor Star, February 15, 1928.

Ilya Kerczuk (a.k.a. Ellis Kerchuk; Navul Kerchuk)

Born: c. 1898, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer; longshoreman
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Unknown

Worked as a laborer and longshoreman in Camden, New Jersey, and New York. In May 1919, he was arrested in Philadelphia by company guards from the Pusey and Jones Shipbuilding Company of Gloucester City, New Jersey, for distributing what authorities described as “Bolshevik circulars” on company property. Deported to Russia on February 1, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54616/173.

Boris Keretchuk

Born: 1894, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1916
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Newark branch of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported to Russia aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/358.

Nuval Kerget (or Nabul)

Born: 1875, Minsk Governorate, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Lumber worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1910
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers; IWW

First arrived in the United States through Honolulu in 1910 and later settled in Seattle in 1918. Worked as a lumber worker and became a member of the Union of Russian Workers as well as the Industrial Workers of the World in 1919. Arrested in January 1920 and deported to Russia on February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54860/569; FBI file OG 389514.

Ivan Kesevich

Born: Austria-Hungary, year unknown
Nationality: Yugoslavian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Unknown

Deported as a radical to Yugoslavia on September 1, 1920. No further biographical information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Olan Killen

Born: Unknown
Nationality: Unknown
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: IWW

Included on a list of deported members of the Industrial Workers of the World, and deported on October 31, 1919. No further biographical information has been found.

Sources: One Big Union Monthly, March 1920.

William Kircher

Born: 1892, Hesse, Germany
Nationality: German
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1906
Affiliation: IWW

Joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1917. He was arrested in Seattle in May 1918 and interned as an “alien enemy” at Fort Douglas, Utah. Released on condition of “voluntary departure” and left the United States on September 25, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54408/512; FBI file OG 193587.

Kirson to Konavalchuk

Red Scare Deportees, , , , , , , ,

Beril Kirson (a.k.a. Boris; Barnett)

Born: 1872, Mogilev, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Sailor; carpenter
Migration: Immigrated to US 1917
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers; Workers’ International Industrial Union

Migrated to England in 1914; then to Canada and back to England in 1916. Jumped ship in the United States in 1917. Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Buffalo in July 1919 and was also a member of the Workers’ International Industrial Union. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported to Russia aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919. At the time of his deportation, his wife and four children remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/144; FBI file OG 8000-378509.

Joseph Kish

Born: 1889, Aranyosgyéres, Hungary (present-day Câmpia Turzii, Romania)
Nationality: Hungarian
Ethnicity: Hungarian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Socialist Party of America; IWW

Joined the Hungarian Federation of the Socialist Party of America around 1912 and became a member of the IWW in 1919. Arrested in Cleveland during the May Day disturbances of 1919 and sentenced to thirty days in the workhouse for disturbing the peace. Arrested again in July 1919, he spent nearly nine months confined in the overcrowded and unsanitary Cuyahoga County Jail while awaiting deportation. Deported on March 21, 1920. At the time, his three children were living in Hungary with his mother.

Sources: INS file 54616/236.

Nikolai Kizer (a.k.a. Nick; Nicholas)

Born: 1896, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1915
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Alleged to be the secretary of the Hartford, Connecticut branch of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, along with his cousin Peter Kizer. Due to an administrative error, Peter was mistakenly sent to Ellis Island while Nikolai remained in the Hartford city jail, but the mistake was later corrected. Nikolai was deported to Russia on January 22, 1921.

Sources: INS files 54709/160 and 54709/265; Bruce B. Sherbert, “The Palmer Raids in Connecticut, 1919–1920,” Connecticut Review 5, no. 1 (1971).

Nikolai Klemiatov (or Nicholas Klemiatoff; Kleminatoff)

Nikolai Klemiatov, c. 1920. National Archives.

Born: 1891, Vilna, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Not specified
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to the US 1912
Affiliation: Socialist Party of America; Communist Party of America

Joined the Socialist Party of America in Pittsburgh and transferred to the Communist Party of America in 1919. Arrested in October 1920 and deported to Russia on February 1, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54885/48.

Efim Kochovetz (a.k.a. M. Berisoff)

Born: 1888, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer; organizer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1907
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in New York in 1914 and later became secretary of the New London, Connecticut branch, where he also taught arithmetic classes in its school. Arrested in Hartford during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/161.

Efim Kolesnikov (a.k.a. John Kolesnikoff; Joachim)

Efim Kolesnikov (center, standing) with other URW members arrested in New York, November 7, 1919. National Archives.

Born: 1880, Kursk, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Ship reamer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

A widower, Kolesnikov joined the Union of Russian Workers in New York in 1919. He was arrested and beaten during the first Palmer Raids on November 7, 1919, during the raid on the Russian People’s House in New York. Deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/454.

Jim Komar (or Jonar)

Born: 1879, Chernihiv, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in 1919. He was arrested in Youngstown, Ohio during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919. His wife and two children remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/544; FBI file OG 378979.

Pavel Konavalchuk (a.k.a. Paul)

Born: 1894, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Machinist
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

A member of the Union of Russian Workers in Newark until the organization was broken up in November 1919. Arrested in Newark on January 3, 1920, he openly identified as an anarchist but stated his opposition to violence. Despite having a wife and American-born child in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, he was deported to Russia on February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54860/164.

Konikh to Korostyshevsky

Red Scare Deportees, , , , ,

Gerasim Konikh (a.k.a. John Konik)

Born: Grodnia, Russia (present-day Poland)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Youngstown, Ohio in 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

After his return to Russia, he was sentenced around 1925 to five years in the Solovki prison camp as an anarchist. In 1930, reportedly “entirely in broken health,” he was sentenced to an additional three years of internal exile in Arkhangelsk.

Sources: INS file 54709/545; FBI file OG 378976; Bulletin of the Relief Fund of the International Working Men’s Association for Anarchists and Anarcho-Syndicalists Imprisoned or Exiled in Russia, November–December 1930.

Aleksandr Konon (or Kornen; Konol)

Born: 1894, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

A member of the Newark branch of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/352.

Pavel Konon (or Konen; a.k.a. Paul)

Born: Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Miner
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of the Communist Party of America arrested in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, and deported to Russia on February 1, 1921. His wife and four children remained in Russia.

Sources: FBI file OG 389419.

John Konopatsky (a.k.a. Anton Konopatsky)

Born: 1895, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Initially a member of the Left Wing of the Socialist Party of America and later joined the Russian Branch of the Communist Party in Bayonne, New Jersey. Arrested in Newark during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920 and deported on January 22, 1921. Had a wife and three children in the United States.

Sources: INS file 54860/163; FBI file OG 384085.

Ignatz Konoval (or Ignance Konowal)

Born: 1894, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Polish
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of the Polish Branch of the Communist Party of America in Elizabeth, New Jersey. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920 and deported on December 23, 1920.

Sources: The Courier-News (Bridgewater, New Jersey), December 22, 1920.

Benjamin Kontrowitz (or Kontorovich; a.k.a. Berl Kanterowicz; B. Kanter)

Born: 1882, Ekaterinoslav, Russia (present-day Dnipro, Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Silk weaver
Migration: Immigrated to US 1916
Affiliation: Communist Party of America; IWW

A former member of the Left Wing of the Socialist Party of America and joined the Russian Federation of the Communist Party of America in 1919. He served as recording secretary, an executive board member, and a lecturer for its Paterson, New Jersey branch, and was a delegate to the First Convention of the Jewish Communist Federation in October 1919. Also a member of the IWW’s Textile Workers’ Industrial Union. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920, he was deported on November 23, 1920. He was married and had a son living in Paterson.

Sources: INS file 54810/67; FBI file OG 380782.

Vasily Mitin Konyakin (or Vasil Koniakin; a.k.a. Vasil Mitin)

Born: 1873, Saratov, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Rubber worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in 1917 and became an officer in its Akron, Ohio branch. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/227.

Feodor Korini (a.k.a. Frank; Korano; Karoni; Butzki)

Born: c. 1888, Chernihiv, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Served as financial secretary of Russian Branch No. 2 of the Communist Party in Philadelphia under the pseudonym “Butzki.” Arrested in January 1920, he denied the identity, but multiple witnesses identified him as such. An immigration inspector characterized his testimony as “shifting, evasive, and evidently untruthful in material particulars.” He was deported to Russia on February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54809/873.

Zys Korostyshevsky (or Zusil; a.k.a. Joe Kraus)

Born: 1897, Radomyshl, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Garment worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Anarchist

Became a Tolstoyan anarchist in the US, embracing pacifism and agrarian ideals. Arrested in Chicago in June 1917, but the deportation warrant was canceled for lack of evidence. Arrested again in January 1919, he was ultimately deported on March 12, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54235/35.

Korotkov to Kovalenko

Red Scare Deportees, , , ,

Vasily Korotkov (a.k.a. Krotokoff; Koratkoff; Keratkoff)

Born: c. 1875, Saratov Oblast, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1909
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

His wife remained in Russia while he emigrated. In the U.S. he joined the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested in Seattle in December 1919 and deported to Russia on February 1, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54860/526; FBI file OG 389407.

Gregory Koroviansky (a.k.a. George Karoff)

Born: 1891, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Migrated to Argentina 1912; then to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Buffalo in 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919. His wife and child remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/145.

Anton Korshikov (a.k.a. Tony Korschikoff)

Born: 1895, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Described himself as “a fugitive from Czarism.” He was arrested and beaten while attending an arithmetic class at the Union of Russian Workers’ People’s House in New York during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/455.

Wacław Kosiorek

Born: 1894, Russian Poland
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Polish
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined Detroit’s Polish Branch No. 8 of the Socialist Party in 1914, which later transferred into the Communist Party. Arrested December 29, 1919 and “voluntarily departed” on October 16, 1920, traveling to Russia via Canada and England.

Sources: INS file 54709/860.

Mike Koslick

Born: c. 1889, Pyatigorsk, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Weaver
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined the Socialist Party in Philadelphia in 1918 and then the city’s First Russian Branch of the Communist Party in 1919. Arrested in January 1920, he declared, “I am willing to go back to Russia if the Government will deport me.” Seported on February 1, 1921 aboard the SS Estonia. He was married, though records are unclear whether his wife resided in Russia or the United States.

Sources: INS file 54811/936.

Logvin Kostevich (a.k.a. Lenohon or Louis Kostevich)

Born: 1894, Povusk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the “Russian Workmen’s Organization” in Baltimore in 1917 and transferred in 1919 into Branch No. 2 of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/420.

Gabriel Kosticovitch (pr Kosticowitsc)

Born: 1882, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1916
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of Russian Branch No. 3 of the Communist Party of America in Detroit. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920, he “voluntarily departed” the United States via Canada on October 16, 1920.

Sources: FBI file 202600-1380-1.

Konstantin Koszko

Born: c. 1897, Zasieki, Russia (present-day Poland)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Polish
Occupation: Butcher; meatpacker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Anarchist

Became an anarchist around 1917 and joined the Anarchist-Communist Groups of the United States and Canada. Arrested in Cleveland in February 1921, he defined anarchism by stating: “An Anarchist is a man who understands the ‘Blood-suckers’ of the world and its parasites, who are a menace to society, and understanding that, no man can be anything else but an Anarchist.” Deported to Russia on March 18, 1921.

Sources: INS file 55009/23.

Anton Kotiak

Anton Kotiak’s URW membership card. National Archives.

Born: 1895, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Drafted into the US Army in November 1918 but honorably discharged in March 1919 at his request as an unnaturalized alien. Around September 1919 he joined the Bridgeport, Connecticut branch of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested in Hartford during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/386; FBI file OG 389393.

Maxwell Kotick (a.k.a. Kotik; Kutick)

Maxwell Kotick’s Communist Party membership card. National Archives

Born: c. 1890, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Clerk
Migration: Immigrated to US 1910
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A widower who was literate in English, Yiddish, Russian, and German. He joined the Socialist Party in 1912 and transferred in October 1919 to the Russian Branch of the Communist Party in Philadelphia. Arrested January 2, 1920, he was deported to Russia on February 1, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54810/820; FBI file OG 389320.

Dionisiy Ivanovich Koval (a.k.a. Daniel Kowal; Danny Cowas)

Born: 1884, Lutsk Raion, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Migrated to Canada 1913; then to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in New York in 1919 and escaped arrest during the Palmer Raids on the Russian People’s House in November of that year. He relocated to Waterbury, Connecticut, where he joined the Union of Russian Citizens (an umbrella organization for Russian progressives). Arrested in March 1920, he was deported on January 22, 1921. His wife and two children remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54861/332; FBI file OG 384417.

Foma Koval (a.k.a. Tom Coval)

Koval’s Communist Party card. National Archives.

Born: 1891, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Blacksmith
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined Buffalo’s Russian Branch of the Socialist Party of America, then the Communist Party of America in September 1919. Deported to Russia on February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 554809/438.

Fedor Kovalchuk (a.k.a. Kowalchuk; O.K. Ovalchuk, Olvanichuk)

Born: 1900, Lachka, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Autoworker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of the Communist Party of America in Philadelphia. He was deported to Russia on February 1, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54811/967; Philadelphia Inquirer, February 1, 1921.

Evgraf Kovalenko (a.k.a. Efgram; Kovaleko; E. Koval)

Born: 1885, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Migrated to England 1906; then to Germany; then Canada 1912; and finally to US 1917
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

His wife and two children remained in Russia. Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Pittsburgh and was described by local authorities as “one of the worst radicals in the city.” Arrested in May 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21 of that year.

At an unknown later date, he and his family were sentenced to internal Russian exile in the Omsk region of Siberia.

Sources: INS file 54616/176; FBI file OG 8000-360780; https://ru.openlist.wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87.

Feodosiy Kovalenko (a.k.a. Fred Konert)

Born: 1892, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Migrated to Canada 1911; then to US 1915
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined Branch No. 2 of the Union of Russian Workers in Detroit in February 1918 and distributed Russian anarchist and IWW publications. Arrested in May 1919, he was deported January 22, 1921.

He appears to have illegally returned to the United States, where in 1939 he was active in Detroit’s Dielo Truda Group and described as a comrade “capable of doing great work of the organizational-educational type in the movement.”

Sources: INS file 54616/187; FBI file OG 369234; Lazar Lipotkin, The Russian Anarchist Movement in North America.

Kovalevich to Kozy

Red Scare Deportees, , ,

Fedor Kovalevich (a.ka. Frank Kowalawich)

Born: 1896, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Rubber worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Worked for B. F. Goodrich and spent nearly a year in the US Army stationed at Camps Sheridan and Jackson in Alabama. He joined the Akron branch of the Union of Russian Workers in April 1919 and told immigration agents, “By Internationalism I mean that there should not be different countries or different nations.” He was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/534; FBI file OG 376750.

Iakov Kovalevich (a.k.a. John or Jacob Kowalewich)

Born: 1889, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to the US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Formerly a member of the Socialist Party of America before joining the Hartford branch of the Union of Russian Workers in September 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21 of that year. His wife remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/402.

Ilya Kovalsky (a.k.a. Louis Kowalsky; Kuznetz)

Kovalsky’s URW membership card. National Archives.

Born: Russia, year unknown
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

A member of the Union of Russian Workers arrested in Ansonia, Connecticut during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and deported aboard the Buford on December 21 of that year. His immigration file is incomplete.

Sources: INS file 54709/496.

Józef Kowalski (a.k.a. Joseph or Joe; A. Gorny; Jan Gómy)

Source: Don Binkowski Papers, Walter P. Reuther Library, Wayne State University.

Born: 1890, Łódź, Russia (present-day Poland)
Nationality: Polish
Ethnicity: Polish
Occupation: Silk weaver; editor
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

A member of the left faction of the Polish Socialist Party in Łódź, where he distributed illegal literature and was imprisoned from 1907 to 1910 for assaulting a foreman.

In the United States he worked as a silk weaver in Paterson, New Jersey, joined the Polish Section of the Socialist Party of America, and participated in strikes in Passaic and Philadelphia. By 1919 he was secretary of the Polish Federation of the SPA, on the executive board of its newspaper Głos Robotniczy, a delegate to the founding convention of the Communist Party of America. Became a member of the CP’s central committee and secretary of its Polish Bureau. Arrested in Kansas City in September 1919 for making a “disloyal and inflammatory speech,” he was imprisoned for unlawful assembly and deported to Poland upon his release on March 17, 1921.

Made his way to Moscow, where his wife and child later joined him, and briefly served as a court investigator for Butyrka Prison and attended the Third Congress of the Comintern in July 1921 under the name “Jan Gómy.”

He illegally returned to the United States via Canada in 1922 to organize on behalf of the Comintern but was arrested in New York and sentenced to eighteen months in federal prison. After his release both Poland and Russia refused to issue passports for deportation, leaving him free on bail. He later served on the Executive Board of the Communist Party and administered the newspaper Glos Ludowy, founded in 1923, eventually settling in Detroit. During the 1930s he was a district manager for the Daily Worker, a section leader in CP District No. 7, coeditor of the monthly Trybuna (1936–1938).

He returned to Poland in 1949, joined the ruling Polish United Workers’ Party, and held various administrative posts. Died in Łódź in 1960.

Sources: INS file 54709/486 (missing); FBI file OG 8000-143411; New York Herald, August 9, 1922; Don Binkowski Papers, Walter P. Reuther Library; Jacob Spolansky, The Communist Trail in America; Don Binkowski, Poles Together: Leo Krzycki and Polish Americans in the American Labor Movement; Zygmunt Pietrzak, “Kowalski Józef (1890-1960),” Słownik biograficzny działaczy polskiego ruchu robotniczego, vol. 3.

Matthew Kozario (a.k.a. Kosario; Kozaric; Kosaric)

Born:
Nationality: Yugoslavian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration:
Affiliation: Unknown

Deported to Yugoslavia on April 14, 1920 as a radical. No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Ivan Kozlik (a.k.a. John Cozich; Gustko)

Born: 1893, Kiev, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Machinist
Migration: Immigrated to US 1908
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Elizabeth, New Jersey branch of the Union of Russian Workers in 1917. Arrested in New York during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/363.

Vasil Kozlov (a.k.a. Kozlow)

Born: 1893, Gomel, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Miner
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Worked as a hauler in the Jamison No. 9 coal mine in Farmington, West Virginia. Like many members of the Union of Russian Workers, he had farmed in Russia before emigrating, explaining: “There were many people in the village where I lived and they received letters telling that we could make more money in America, so I decided to come.” Arrested December 1, 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21 of that year.

Sources: INS file 54709/601; FBI file OG 8000-379018.

Vasily Kozlovch

Born: 1896, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Machinist
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined the Socialist Party before becoming a member of Detroit’s Russian Branch No. 1 of the Communist Party. Arrested January 1920 and held at Fort Wayne, he was deported to Russia on February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54860/379.

Osip Kozorez (a.k.a. Joseph Koza; Joe Koza)

Born: 1881, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Newark in January 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he participated in a five-day hunger strike on Ellis Island protesting installation of a wire screen separating detainees from visitors. Deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919. His wife and four children remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/342; FBI file OG 379013.

Ivan Kozy (a.k.a. John Kozy)

Born: 1894, Uman, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Migrated to Canada 1914; then to US March 1919
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Crossed into the United States at Niagara Falls in March 1919 and joined the Union of Russian Workers in Philadelphia. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21 of that year.

Sources: INS file 54709/332.

Krachie to Krutz

Red Scare Deportees, , , ,

Pavel Krachie (a.k.a. Paul; Kreczin)

Born: 1891, Saratov, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Served in the Russian Army in the Caucasus before emigrating.

In the United States he worked for the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company in Akron, Ohio, and joined the Union of Russian Workers around 1915. Arrested in December 1917 for attempting to organize a strike of rubber workers and released on bail. Deported on January 22, 1921. His wife remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54235/158.

Tikon Krasnov (a.k.a. Tehon Krassnoff)

Born: 1888, Kiev, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Carpenter; miner
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Philadelphia branch of the Union of Russian Workers and in November 1919 organized an eight-member URW branch in Barracksville, West Virginia, at Jamieson Coal and Coke Company Mine No. 7. Arrested December 2, 1919, “in possession of a considerable amount of anarchistic literature,” he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21. His wife and three children remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/625; FBI file OG 389365.

Faras Kravchuk

Born: 1894, Komarów, Russia (present-day Poland)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Polish
Occupation: Factory worker
Migration: Migrated to Canada 1914; then to US 1916
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined the Socialist Party in 1919 and later became a member of Detroit’s Russian Branch No. 4 of the Communist Party. Arrested in January 1920, he was deported to Russia on March 18, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54859/972.

Peter Krawchuk

Born: 1885, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Migrated to Canada 1912 or 1913; immigrated to US 1916; returned to Canada 1917; reentered US 1918
Affiliation: Industrial Workers of the World; Communist Party of America

Joined IWW Branch no. 517 in Spokane in 1919. Arrested January 4, 1920 at the Detroit Communist Party’s House of the Masses, he answered “Yes” when asked whether he believed in Communist Party doctrine. Held at Fort Wayne, he was deported March 18, 1921. His wife and child remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54860/27.

Natale Krilete (a.k.a. Boso)

Born: Austria-Hungary
Nationality: Austrian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation:

Deported as a radical to Austria on June 29, 1920. No further information has been located.

Sources: Included on list of deported radicals in INS file 54325/36G.

Alexander Krishtal (a.k.a. Aleksey Kryshtall)

Born: 1893, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1907
Affiliation: Anarchist

Deported to Russia on February 26, 1921 but was refused entry at Libau, along with several other deportees, because of his anarchist beliefs. In response, he coauthored “An Open Letter to the Russian Premier Lenin.”

He later returned to the United States and lived in the anarchist colony at Mohegan, New York, into at least the 1940s. He died in Lindenhurst, New York, in 1961.

Sources: Free Society (New York), Oct.–Nov. 1921; Ancestry.com.

Felip Krishtepowich

Born: Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation:

Deported as a radical to Russia on October 16, 1920. No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Teodor Krishtop (a.k.a. Theodore Krishtiop)

Born: 1885, Chernihiv, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Miner
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Worked at Jamieson Coal and Coke Company Mine No. 9 in Farmington, West Virginia. He joined both the Union of Russian Workers and the United Mine Workers. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was described as being “of a surly, non-communicative disposition” and deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919. His wife and two children remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/598.

Maxim Kruk (a.k.a. Max Kroock)

Born: 1881, Volhynia, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1911
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Worked at Detroit’s Studebaker Plant No. 3. Joined Ukrainian Branch No. 1 of the Socialist Party in Detroit in 1911, which in 1919 became Ukrainian Branch No. 22 of the Communist Party of America. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920 and held at Fort Wayne, he “voluntarily departed” for Russia via Canada on October 14, 1920.

Sources: INS file 54859/778; FBI file BS 202600-714-1.

Pavel Krupka (a.k.a. Paul Krupkie; Krupkic)

Born: 1893, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Worked for the Republic Rubber Company and joined the Union of Russian Workers in Youngstown, Ohio, in 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21 of that year.

Sources: INS file 54709/195.

John Krutz

Born: 1888, Kyiv, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Migrated to Canada 1914; then to US 1918
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Worked for the Ford Motor Company in Dearborn. He joined the Socialist Party around 1918 and later transferred to Detroit’s Russian Branch No. 3 of the Communist Party. Arrested January 4, 1920, he was deported March 18, 1921. His wife and three children remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54859/962.

Kubinskis to K_____

Red Scare Deportees, , , , , ,

Stanislovas Kubinskis (a.k.a. Stanley Kubinsky)

Born: 1897, Kovno, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Lithuanian
Occupation: Carpenter; miner; laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Belonged to the Russian Social Democratic Party before emigrating.

In the United States he worked as a coal miner, and later for Ford Motor Company in Detroit. In 1915 he joined the Lithuanian Branch of the Socialist Party of America, which transferred into the Communist Party of America in 1919. Arrested April 22, 1919, “while distributing radical literature on a Michigan Avenue street car,” he declared his belief in “the soviet form of government.” Deported February 1, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54616/165.

Michael Kucher

Born:
Nationality:
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Served as recording secretary of the Jersey City branch of the Communist Party of America. Arrested during the second Palmer Raids in January 1920, he was deported March 30, 1920 to “Galicia” (likely either Poland or Ukraine). No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G; FBI file OG 380877.

Efrem Kucher

Born: Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation:

Arrested in Brooklyn during the second Palmer Raids in January 1919 and deported as a radical to Russia on December 23, 1920. No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G; The Standard Union (Brooklyn), Dec. 23, 1920.

Alek Grigorov Kuchinsky

Born: c. 1884, Vilna, Russia (present-day Vilnius, Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Textile worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Norwich, Connecticut, in September 1919. Arrested in January 1920, he was deported to Russia on February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54861/9.

Mikal Kudreyko (a.k.a. Peter Kravchuk; Michael Kravchuk)

Mid-Week Pictorial, January 1, 1920.

Born: 1883, Pruzhany, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

His wife and child remained in Russia during his emigration. Became secretary of a Detroit branch of the Union of Russian Workers. Arrested in July 1918 at a radical picnic, he admitted he was “an anarchist, and proud of it.” After moving to New York he became secretary of the Housewreckers’ Union and coeditor of the URW paper Khlieb i Volia. Arrested with its editorial team in August 1919 and indicted for “criminal anarchy,” he falsely claimed he had left the URW in 1918 “because I thought this organization is not radical enough.” Deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Reportedly died in Russia soon thereafter.

Sources: INS file 54554/23; Mid-Week Pictorial, January 1, 1920; Paul Avrich, Anarchist Voices: An Oral History of Anarchism in America.

Simon Kuish (a.k.a. Sam)

Born: 1895, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Rubber worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Youngstown, Ohio, in 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21.

Sources: INS file 54709/193.

Ivan Kulak (a.k.a. John)

Born: Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation:

Deported as a radical to Russia on November 27, 1920. No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Roman Kulich (a.k.a. Kovalevich)

Born: 1895, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Machinist
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Belonged to Detroit’s Russian Branch No. 1 of the Communist Party. Arrested January 1920, he was deported February 26, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54859/722.

Mark Kulish (or Kulesch; Kulesh)

Born: 1890, Vilna, Russia (present-day Lithuania)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer; factory inspector
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

During the First World War he worked first as a factory laborer and later as a US arms factory inspector for the Russian Commission. Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Hartford, Connecticut, around 1916 and became secretary of the URW branch in South Manchester in 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919 and falsely suspected of being a “bomb-maker,” he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21. His wife and child remained in Russia.

Sources: INS file 54709/256; Hartford Courant, December, 22, 1919; https://connecticuthistory.org/the-red-scare-in-connecticut/.

Nikolai Kuropato (a.k.a. Koroptko)

Born: 1890, Rokitnica, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Longshoreman
Migration: Immigrated to US 1910
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Newark branch of the Union of Russian Workers in 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/345.

Tony Kurson (a.k.a. Kirsion; Kirson)

Born: 1884, Kiev, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1909
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Luch Society in Ansonia, Connecticut, around 1917, which federal authorities claimed was a branch of the Union of Russian Workers, though he denied this. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/326; FBI file OG 382937.

Michael Kusbit

Born: Austria-Hungary
Nationality: Austrian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation:

Deported as a radical to Austria on May 8, 1920. No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Fedor Kushnarev (a.k.a. Theodore Kushnareff; Theodore Alexander Casher; Alexander Dalny or Dalney)

Fedor Kushnarev, 1919. National Archives.

Born: 1898, Kiev, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Student; laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Migrated to the UW with his parents and five younger siblings; his father died less than a year later. After graduating high school in New Haven he attended New York University. Joined the Union of Russian Workers around 1917–1918, organized a URW branch in New Haven, and in 1919 became financial secretary of the URW branch in South Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Arrested there in March 1919 under the pen name Alexander Dalney, the case was dismissed. In New York he coedited Khlieb i Volia. Arrested several more times under different names, he was last arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919. He requested permission for his companion, anarchist organizer Rose Pesotta, to accompany him if deported. Deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

In Russia, arrested in Crimea in 1920 and sentenced to five years in a prison camp for “propaganda of libertarian ideas” and allegedly taking up arms against the Soviet government, but was later released after authorities deemed his imprisonment an error. He later concluded that “to support the Revolution means to support Lenin and Trotsky.” He briefly attended the Moscow Institute of Journalism and worked for the American Relief Administration as interpreter and secretary for US Colonel Walter Bell in Ufa during the famine, where he contracted typhus. Some sources claim he died in 1925, but in 1934 his mother petitioned the US government to allow him and his family to visit the U.S.

Sources: INS file 54709/522; Paul Avrich, Anarchist Voices: An Oral History of Anarchism in America; Elaine J. Leeder, The Gentle General: Rose Pesotta, Anarchist and Labor Organizer; Groupe des anarchistes russes exilés en Allemagne, Répression de l’anarchisme en Russie Soviétique; Elaine Leeder Collection of Rose Pesotta Papers, Cornell University Library.

Steve K______

His partially illegible name as it appears in the records. National Archives.

Born:
Nationality: Yugoslavian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation:

The individual appears in immigration records under a partially illegible surname. He was deported as a radical to Yugoslavia on September 1, 1920. No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Lachowsky to Lebed

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Hyman Lachowsky (a.k.a. Chaim Lachowsky; Khaym Lakhovsky)

Unidentified newspaper clipping, Paul Avrich Collection, Library of Congress.

Born: 1894, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Bookbinder
Migration: Immigrated to US 1907
Affiliation: Anarchist

In 1917 Lachowsky joined New York’s militant Jewish anarchist Shturem Group, which became the Frayhayt Group in 1918. On August 23, 1918, he was arrested with Molly Steimer while distributing leaflets protesting US intervention in the Russian Civil War. Beaten during interrogation, he was convicted with other group members under the Espionage Act and sentenced to twenty years in prison and a $1,000 fine. In October 1919 he declared to immigration agents, “I am an alien and an anarchist…I am opposed to all organized government. Not only the Government of the United States but any government…I’m an anarchist and proud of it.” By 1921, however, he had become disillusioned and renounced anarchism. After losing the Supreme Court free-speech case Abrams v. United States, he was deported November 23, 1921.

Disillusioned with radicalism, he returned to Minsk, started a family, and stayed out of politics. He reportedly died of natural causes sometime before the Second World War.

Sources: INS file 54517/74; Richard Polenberg, Fighting Faiths: The Abrams Case, the Supreme Court, and Free Speech; Paul Avrich, Anarchist Voices: An Oral History of Anarchism in America.

Charles Lindsay Lambert

Charles Lambert, 1918. National Archives.

Born: 1881, Arbroath, Scotland
Nationality: British
Ethnicity: Scottish
Occupation: Baker; oil worker; labor organizer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1901 or 1902
Affiliation: IWW

Joined the IWW in 1911 and served as secretary of Local No. 453 of the Oil Workers’ Industrial Union in Taft, California, in 1913, and later as secretary of mixed IWW locals in Sacramento from 1914 to 1917. As Secretary-Treasurer of the Wheatland Defense Committee (1914–1915), he advocated sabotage on behalf of the campaign to free the Wheatland prisoners. Elected to the IWW’s General Executive Board in 1916, he played a key role in the controversial decertification of the IWW’s Domestic Workers’ Industrial Union in Denver. A defendant in the federal IWW trial of 1917–1918, where his writings were used against the union by the prosecution, and sentenced to twenty years’ imprisonment. In 1922 his sentence was commuted in exchange for “voluntary departure” to Britain, and he sailed March 31, 1923.

In Britain he attended trade-union meetings and encouraged protests against the imprisonment of IWW members in the United States. He may have worked in the Tampico oil fields during the 1920s, appears to have illegally reentered the US, then returned to Scotland via New York in 1926. During the 1930s he worked as an oil worker in the Caribbean, returned to the UK in 1933, and later left radical politics, becoming a diamond prospector in British Guiana and then a bookie’s runner (i.e. enforcer) in London, where he died circa 1961.

Sources: INS file 54616/59; FBI file OG 8000-160053; Industrial Workers of the World Collection, Walter P. Reuther Library, Wayne State University; Jane Little Botkin, The Girl Who Dared to Defy: Jane Street and the Rebel Maids of Denver; Richard Brazier, “The Mass I.W.W. Trial of 1918: A Retrospect,” Labor History 7, no. 2 (1966); Eric Thomas Chester, The Wobblies in Their Heyday: The Rise and Destruction of the Industrial Workers of the World during the World War I Era; Eric Thomas Chester, Yours for Industrial Freedom: The Industrial Workers of the World from the Inside; Ancestry.com.

Manya Lansky

Born: 1898, Pieski, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Jewish
Occupation: Garment worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1915
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Migrated to the United States for work and soon became an anarchist in New York. She distributed the Union of Russian Workers’ paper Golos Truda. Arrested July 4, 1920 en route to a radical picnic in Cleveland, she was described by an immigration inspector as “the most typical of the usual conception of the anarchistic type that one may have occasion to observe.” She stated, “I am not in sympathy with the leaders of the Soviets, but am in sympathy with the Russian people.” Deported to Russia on February 1, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54885/2.

Ivan Lapitsky (a.k.a. John; Lapinsky; Lapitzky)

Born: 1893, Mogilev, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Dye worker
Migration: Immigrated to Canada 1913; then to US 1917
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Belonged to Buffalo’s Russian Branch of the Communist Party. Arrested January 2, 1920, he initially denied Communist Party membership but admitted it after authorities produced documentary proof. Deported March 18, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54809/491.

Ivan Laposanko (or Lapczanko; a.k.a. John Lapko)

Born: 1890, Chernihiv, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer; coal miner; steel worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in Pittsburgh in 1914 and served as a delegate to its New York convention in January 1919. Arrested in Erie, Pennsylvania during May Day disturbances on May 1, 1919, and again on December 12, 1919, he testified: “Yes, I am an anarchist; but I am not the violent anarchist that is pictured… I am studying the question of Anarchy.” Deported January 22, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54709/642.

James Larkin (a.k.a. Jim; “Big Jim”)

James Larkin, 1919. Wikimedia Commons.

Born: 1876, Liverpool, England
Nationality: British
Ethnicity: Irish
Occupation: Laborer; lecturer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Communist Labor Party

Raised in poverty in Ireland, Larkin joined the Independent Labour Party in 1893 and became a full-time organizer for the National Union of Dock Labourers in 1905 before being expelled in 1908. He founded the Irish Transport and General Workers’ Union, cofounded the Irish Labour Party in 1912, and helped lead the 1913 Dublin Lockout with James Connolly while also founding the Irish Citizen Army.

In the United States he joined the Socialist Party of America, aligned with its pro-Bolshevik Left Wing, and lectured widely, often in conjunction with the IWW. Expelled from the SPA in 1919, he cofounded the Communist Labor Party. Arrested under New York’s criminal anarchy law, sentenced to five to ten years, pardoned by Governor Al Smith in 1923, and deported to England in April 1923, after repeated passport denials by British authorities.

Returning to Ireland he founded the Irish Worker League as the country’s official Communist Party and became head of the Communist-aligned Worker’s Union of Ireland. Attended the Fifth Congress of the Comintern in 1924 and appointed to the Comintern’s Executive Committee.In 1927 he was elected to the Irish parliament (Dáil Éireann) on behalf of the IWL , but unable to take his seat due to an unpaid award for libel against him. He resigned from the Comintern in 1929 and broke with Communism completely in 1932. In 1936 he was elected to the Dublin city government; 1937 elected to the Dáil Éireann as an independent candidate, but lost reelection the following year. In 1941 he rejoined the Irish Labour Party and served in the Dáil Éireann from 1943 to 1944. He died in 1947.

Sources: Emmet O’Connor, “James Larkin in the United States, 1914-23,” Journal of Contemporary History 37, no. 2 (April 2002); Emmet O’Connor, Big Jim Larkin: Hero or Wrecker?

Carl Larson (born Carl Johan Fredrik Larson)

Born: 1885, Upsala, Sweden
Nationality: Swedish
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Laborer; shoemaker
Migration: Migrated to US via Canada 1911
Affiliation: IWW; Communist Labor Party

Joined the IWW in 1912 and the Scandinavian section of the Socialist Party of America in 1917. Arrested May 3, 1918 after denouncing the US government, he was convicted under the Espionage Act in February 1919 and sentenced to one year and a day in Leavenworth. While imprisoned he joined the Communist Labor Party. After his release he served as literature agent for Salt Lake City’s Scandinavian Socialist Club. Arrested again in August 1920, he was deported June 9, 1921.

He reportedly left Sweden in 1924 as a seaman and jumped ship in Canada, returning to the US. On January 7, 1925, the Swedish Communist paper Folkets Dagblad Politiken printed a letter from him about Communist activity in America. In 1932 he was believed to be living in Seattle, and in 1933 authorities received confidential reports that he was in San Francisco under an assumed name and active in the Communist Party.

Sources: INS file 54861/408; FBI file OG 196909; The Toiler, April 2, 1920; One Big Union Monthly, May 1920.

Ludwig Lau

Born:
Nationality: Polish
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US year unknown
Affiliation:

Deported as a radical to Poland on September 1, 1920. No further information has been located.

Sources: INS file 54325/36G.

Stefan Lavrichuk (a.k.a. Lawrichuk; Steve Liunsky)

Born: 1893, Grodno, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Belarusian
Occupation: Mechanic
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined the Socialist Party in Rockford, Illinois, later transferring into the Communist Party. Arrested January 1920, he “voluntarily departed” to Russia via Canada on October 20, 1920.

Sources: INS file 54860/671.

Mikail Lavrinuk (a.k.a. Michael Lawrinuk)

Born: 1891, Russia
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Hotel worker
Migration: Immigrated to US 1914
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers; IWW

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in New York around 1918 and the IWW in 1919. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919.

Sources: INS file 54709/489.

Giacomo Lavrio (a.k.a. James Lavrio)

Giacomo Lavrio, c. 1919. National Archives.

Born: 1884, Turin, Italy
Nationality: Italian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Miner
Migration: Immigrated to US 1901
Affiliation: Anarchist

Worked in mines across the United States and became an anarchist there, supporting Cronaca Sovversiva and corresponding extensively with Italian-American anarchists. Briefly returned to Italy from 1905 to 1907. Arrested in St. Charles, Michigan, in May 1919 while participating in a miners’ strike. He married widow Maria Perocchetti while out on bail and promised to abandon radicalism for her. Deported December 20, 1919.

Upon arrival in Italy he was detained for possible draft evasion, after which authorities lost track of him. He died on October 17, 1923 in Turin of unknown causes.

Sources: INS file 54616/206; CPC busta 2781.

William Lawna (or Launa; Lauva; a.k.a. Alfred Schmidt)

Born: 1886, Libau, Russia (present-day Latvia)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Locksmith
Migration: Immigrated to US 1906
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

Joined the Union of Russian Workers in 1919 and was alleged to have served as secretary of its Elizabeth, New Jersey branch and to have hosted Leon Trotsky in his home, though he denied this claim. Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919. His wife remained in the United States.

Sources: INS file 54709/103.

Andrey Lazarevich (a.k.a. Andrew Lazarewich or Lazarowitz)

Born: 1895, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation:
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

A member of the Union of Russian Workers in Newark, though the only evidence authorities had against him was a membership card for the Executive Committee of the Second Russian All-Colonial Convention of the United States and Canada (a meeting of various leftwing Russian groups held in New York in January 1919). Arrested during the first Palmer Raids in November 1919, he was deported aboard the Buford on December 21, 1919. His wife Maria and their newborn child were left behind in the US.

Sources: INS file 54709/347.

Maria Lazarevich (née Kott; a.k.a. Mary Lazarewich)

Born: 1896, Minsk, Russia (present-day Belarus)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity:
Occupation: Housewife
Migration: Immigrated to US 1913
Affiliation: Union of Russian Workers

An anarchist since 1917 and member of the URW, Maria Lazarevich was the wife of Buford deportee Andrey Lazarevich. After actively campaigning to be expelled to rejoin her husband, she was deported to Russia on February 26, 1921 along with the couple’s fourteen-month-old child.

Sources: INS file 55009/14.

Simeon Lebed (a.k.a. Sam Lebed)

Born: 1893, Novovolynsk, Russia (present-day Ukraine)
Nationality: Russian
Ethnicity: Ukrainian
Occupation: Laborer
Migration: Immigrated to US 1912
Affiliation: Communist Party of America

Joined the Socialist Party and later Detroit’s Communist Party Branch No. 22. Arrested January 1920, he was deported March 18, 1921.

Sources: INS file 54859/614.